INFLUENŢA REGULATORILOR DE CREȘTERE ASUPRA OBȚINERII PRODUCȚIILOR ÎNALTE ÎN PLANTAȚIILE DE CIREȘ DIN SOIUL KORDIA ALTOITE PE PORTALTOIUL MAXMA 14
Abstract
Abstract. The experiment was carried out in the orchard “Agroparc Management” Ltd. established in 2015. The study subject of the experiment was Kordia cherry variety, grafted on MaxMa 14. The trees were trained according to the spindle system and the fruit tree spacing of 5.0×3.0 m. The research was conducted during the year 2021. In order to study the effect of the growth regulators Auxiger LG (1-naphthylacetamide (1-NAD - 1.5 g/l), 1-naphthylacetic acid (1-NAA - 0.6 g/l)) and Gibbera, SL (gibberellins, 10 g/l mixture of GA4+7) on the fruit setting rate, the development processes of cherry trees and the fruit yield the following variants of treatment were experimented: 1. Control – without treatment; 2. Auxiger LG, 0.7 l/ha; 3. Gibbera, SL, 0.25 l/ha; 4. Gibbera, SL, 0.5 l/ha. The growth regulator Auxiger LG was sprayed once, during the period of intensive fruit growing, when the fruits diameter was 12–13 mm (14.05.2021), while Gibbera, SL was applied in three phases. The first treatment was done at the end of the flowering phase (26.04.2021), and the subsequent two treatments – at an interval of 7-10 days, on 05.05.2021 and on 14.05.2021, respectively. During the analyzed period, it was established that a higher fruit setting rate, a better development of trees, higher fruit yields and a more balanced economic efficiency of cherry production were recorded when using the growth regulator Gibbera, SL at a dose of 0.5 l/ha.
Key words: Cherry; Growth regulator; Fruit setting rate; Ripening period; Yield; Economic efficiency.
Rezumat. Cercetările s-au efectuat în decursul anului 2021 în plantaţia de cireș a întreprinderii SRL „Agroparc Management”, fondată în anul 2015. Obiect al cercetărilor au fost pomii de cireş din soiul Kordia altoiți pe portaltoiul MaxMa 14. Coroana a fost condusă după sistemul fus obișnuit. Distanţa de plantare a constituit 5,0 x 3,0 m. Pentru a studia efectul regulatorilor de creștere Auxiger LG (1-naftilacetamidă (1-NAD) – 1,5 g/l, acid 1-naftilacetic (1-NAA) – 0,6 g/l) și Gibbera, SL (gibereline, 10 g/l amestec de GA4+7) asupra gradului de legare a fructelor, asupra proceselor de dezvoltare a pomilor şi asupra producției de fructe au fost create următoarele variante experimentale de tratament: 1) martor (fără tratare); 2) Auxiger LG – 0,7 l/ha; 3) Gibbera, SL – 0,25 l/ha; 4) Gibbera, SL – 0,5 l/ha. Regulatorul de creștere Auxiger LG a fost administrat o singură dată, în perioada de creștere intensă a fructelor, când diametrul lor a atins 12-13 mm (14.05.2021), iar Gibbera, SL în trei reprize, prima tratare aplicându-se la sfârșitul fazei de înflorire (26.04.2021), iar celelalte două la intervale de 7–10 zile, la 05.05.2021 și, respectiv, 14.05.2021. În perioada de referință s-a stabilit că o influență mai mare asupra gradului de legare a fructelor, asupra proceselor de dezvoltare a pomilor, cu producții de fructe mai înalte și eficiență economică de producere mai echilibrată, s-a înregistrat la tratarea cu regulatorul de creștere Gibbera, SL în doza de 0,5 l/ha.
Cuvinte-cheie: Cireș; Regulator de creștere; Grad de legare; Perioadă de maturare; Producție; Eficiență economică.
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