State regulation of the agricultural land market in modern Russia

  • Stanislav LIPSKI State University of Land Management, Moscow

Abstract

The reform of the ’90s led to the elimination of state’s monopoly of landownership and to the privatization of most agricultural lands. Within the small auxiliary sector of agricultural land the turnover arose in the early reform. But in the large agro-industrial sector, the turnover of lands received the necessary legal regulation only in 2003 (more than 10 years later than the mass privatization of these lands). For this type of turnover, a significant part of the regulatory mechanisms was borrowed from foreign experience, because the domestic experience was absent. In modern Russia, the major regulators of the agricultural land market became the priority right of the state on the purchase of lands at their sale, the limited concentration of large land area owned by a citizen or legal person and the prohibition for foreign persons to have land in ownership. The practice of past decade has enabled to identify a number of disputable issues associated with these mechanisms. They are examined in this article. Also, there were considered the mechanisms which can supplement the current regulation system of the land market, but which, for various reasons, are not used.


Key words: Agricultural land; Turnover of land; Land market; Law; Privatization; Property; Regulation.


Rezumat. Reforma din anii ‘90 a dus la eliminarea monopolului de stat asupra proprietăţii funciare şi la privatizarea majorităţii terenurilor agricole. În cadrul micului sector auxiliar circulaţia terenurilor agricole a fost iniţiată la începutul reformei, însă reglementarea juridică privind circulaţia terenurilor în sectorul agro-industrial a apărut abia în anul 2003 (cu peste 10 ani mai târziu decât privatizarea în masă a acestor terenuri). O parte semnificativă a mecanismelor de reglementare a circulaţiei terenurilor a fost împrumutată de la experienţa străină, pentru că experienţa internă lipsea. În Rusia modernă, cele mai importante reglementări privind piaţa terenurilor agricole sunt legate de dreptul prioritar al statului de a achiziţiona terenuri destinate vânzării, concentrarea limitată a suprafeţelor mari de teren deţinute de un cetăţean sau persoană juridică şi interdicţia pentru persoanele străine de a avea teren în proprietate. Practica din ultimii zece ani a permis de a identifica o serie de aspecte discutabile asociate cu aceste mecanisme. Acestea sunt examinate în prezentul articol. De asemenea, au fost luate în considerare mecanismele care pot suplimenta sistemul actual de reglementare al pieţei funciare, dar care, din diverse motive, nu sunt utilizate.


Cuvinte-cheie: Terenuri agricole; Circulaţia terenurilor; Piaţă funciară; Legislaţie; Privatizare; Proprietate; Reglementări.

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Published
2017-05-06
How to Cite
LIPSKI, Stanislav. State regulation of the agricultural land market in modern Russia. Stiinta agricola, [S.l.], n. 1, p. 123-129, may 2017. ISSN 2587-3202. Available at: <https://sa.uasm.md/index.php?journal=sa&page=article&op=view&path%5B%5D=176>. Date accessed: 29 mar. 2024.
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